Sport Tourism in Nepal

Question: Discuss about theSport Tourism in Nepal. Answer: Literature Review Definition of Sports Tourism Sports tourism is well defined as all forms of passive and lively participation in sporting activity, which is participated in either an organised or casually way for commercial or non-commercial with the reason that dictate travel far from home and work vicinity (Allahar, 2014). Though this offers a decent starting point in order to comprehend sport tourism, it was once questioned the value of such kind of explanation as it was suggested it does not give a descriptive and complete sympathetic of what establishes sport tourism. The Other researchers have precisely define and broke down the perception of what constitutes as sport tourist and sport tourism, according to this section tourism is the action or industry while tourist is individual within the industry (Anup and Parajuli, 2014). There are three territories of sport tourism according to Gibson.one is event spots tourism, second is nostalgia sport tourism and thirdly active sports tourism, event sport tourist travel to spectate the sporting action, nostalgia sport tourists are the ones that travels to honor a sporting site such as a hall of fame or a historic stadium, and active sport tourist are the individual who participate in the sport. Robinson and gammon did characterized sport tourists with the reasons of their travel, for those who participate in the sport as their main reason for travelling are primary and those who participate in sport but it is never their key impartial for travelling are secondary (Anup and Parajuli, 2014). A good example of secondary aim will be to make a demonstration of primary in a meeting also golfing secondary in the course of their visit. They further projected that since the differences of sport tourists aims primary and secondary sports tourism might be divided into two emphasis areas, one sport tourism which are secondary reasons and secondly sport tourist which are primary reasons (Ghanian, Ghoochani and Crotts, 2014). Gammon and Robinson find out that their original presentation paper needed a theoretical support and they further developed theory of sport tourism and tourist sport into secondary strengthening categories. Which includes a hard and soft outline for both tourism sport and sport tourist (Ghanian, Ghoochani and Crotts, 2014). According to them hard sport tourists are the ones who travel to partake or spectate competitive sport. The competitive section signifies the hard characteristic. Hence, the soft characteristic is when somebody partakes in sport but is chasing regenerati on purposes and not competitive purposes (Ghimire, 2016). For example a person partaking in a sports events such as world cup or Olympic Games should be a hard sport tourist. On the opposite the person who is on a ski holiday for fun motives is a soft sport tourist. It is very vital to note that primary and secondary purpose both have soft and hard categories. Nature of Sports Tourism The tourism sport should incorporate the same soft and hard as sport being a secondary purpose for traveling. An example of hard tourism sport should be travelling to visit family but reservation of ones tour around marathon in order to contest (Ghimire, 2016). On the other hand primary motives for travelling is to pay family a visit but one who participates in marathon might wish to participate if the opportunity occurs. We can still use the earlier example of skier who is skiing for fun as a soft tourism sport but the primary purpose of travelling was family visit (Imran, Alam and Beaumont, 2014). Gibson omitted the competitive component in her report for active sport tourist. What she included was anybody reflected an activity participant whose main purpose for travelling was to partake in holiday activities, while amateurs or hobbyists are the ones who travel to involve in competitive game, and are left out (Jackie Ong and Smith, 2014). In her study the populace were referred as active sport tourist although they had traveled for leisure purpose only Value of Sports Tourism in Environment Sports tourism has a lot of value in the environment. According to Gammon and Robinson definition of each of their categories tourist should be required to travel outside their usual environment so as to clarify Gammon and Robinsons meaning of what establishes outside their usual environment I appeal upon statistic Canada, that categorises a tourist Canada is one who has traveled and cover not at least 85 kilometres from their home (Jackie Ong and Smith, 2014). Yamaguchi, Hagis and Nogawa detailed that for anyone to qualify as a sport tourist they must stay for at least a period of 24 hours. They further designated that if any individual stays in less than 24 hours should be measured as a sport excursionist (King and Dinkoksung, 2014) According to Williams and Soutar (2015) it is evident that both cultural and special aspects of sports tourism are vital but are at most not considered in understanding the impacts of the outcome of sports economic impacts. In that case the author added in his definition of the same that sports tourism is the social, cultural and economic phenomenon that arises from unique mix of place and people. Likewise, Sharpley and Telfer (2014) an individual could be able to take part in sports tourism if he or she has a desire to in the sports and that the same cannot be said if he or she undertake sports tourism on holidays alone. They identified four areas in which sports tourism is engaged with such as participation of sports, engagement of sports, analysing sports tourism and the benefits that the Individual and the country gets from sports tourism. Bull and weed gave their suggestion that states that cultural and social features of sport tourism are vital but are often abandoned in the quest of understanding tourisms financial influence. Consequently, bull and weed suggested and added the definition of sport tourism as economic, cultural and social marvel that arises from the exclusive interaction of activities, persons and place (King and Dinkoksung, 2014). Pigeassou designated that individual should truly involve in sport tourism if they do have the wish to practise sport culture and just partaking in sport during holiday is not sufficient. He recognized four important areas sport tourist can commence that should be counted as sport tourism involvement: participation in an occasion with sports emphasis, the training of physical and sport activities, participation in sport management and looking for information or commemoration of historic and modern sport culture (Mostafanezhad and Hannam, 2014). Pigeassou added a definition of sport tourism as human experimentation that focuses on a set of facilities that essential for recognition of non-professional provisional expeditions towards exact terminus to practise sport culture. So as to know why sports tourist travels it is essential to recognise who partakes in these events by exploratory what is the definition of active sports tourist (Musa, Higham and Thompson-Carr, 2015). Active Sport Tourists In the article Active Sport Tourism Who Participates Gibson summarised the active sport tourist. Active sport tourist was most probable institute that are for men who are well educated and are wealthy, which echoes the related answers by Schreiber. According to the Yiannakis and Gibson discoveries which suggests that 57% of males travels in order to partake in sport compared to 44% of females (Musa, Higham and Thompson-Carr, 2015). A third of defendants are also definite domestic income of $75,000 or even more. Which is considerably complex than normal revenue of the learning area, which was $54,000 at that time. Moreover, the partakers were all learned with 77 % reported having attended college and 24% are holders of advance degree MD, law Degree or PhD, Gosline, Gee, Kaae and lee and Attle had the same findings. Lee and kaae precisely observed alpine skiers and cross country who noted that though both were cultured and wealthy there are similar numbers of female and male in cross c ounty skiers while alpine skiers are mostly male Yiannakis, Gibson and attle added that active sport tourist who are rich and well educated are mostly male and they are also able to travel far in order to involve in their preferred sport (Ptz et al,. 2011). Probably to partake in active sports tourism events beyond retirement are the most likely to follow the same event not one off holiday, the major rising tendencies in the active sport tourism is the adventure sport tourism, it is very vital to comprehend adventure tourists as skiing and is an adventure tourism activity and will support in comprehending the incentives of ski resort travellers (Ptz et al,. 2011). Adventure Tourists Adventure tourism is well define as wide range of outdoor tourist activities, it frequently involve and commercialize an interact with normal atmosphere away from the partakers home range and contains component of dangers; the adventure travel society eminent that adventure tourism is progressively developing yearly at a rate of 15-20%. According Hudson most of the growth happens in Nepal, Costa Rica, the lager number of Adventure tourist tend to be Nepal, although Thai, Japanese and western Europe partakers are coming (Sharpley and Telfer, 2014). female and senior adventure tourist are join women hiding men in partaking numbers in both backpacking and sailing. The Fiction prove that the entire active sport tourist are adventure tourist but at the same time not all adventure tourist are active sport tourist. The travel industry association of Nepal stated that a half of Nepals proclaim to be adventure tourists. With 19% partaking in hard adventure the likes of kayaking or water rafting, mountain biking and scuba diving and 49% are partaking in soft adventure activities the likes of biking, camping and hiking (Sharpley and Telfer, 2014). There is different of hard and soft adventure events mentioned in this section that differs from Robinson and gammon explanation in that soft events doesnt suggest a thoughtful danger however hard events are obvious as risky. According to Hudson findings hard adventure tourist are more probable to be male compared to soft adventure tourists 60% hard versus 51% of soft, young, 18 to 24 years old 24% versus 18%, single 40% versus 26% college cultured 82% versus 73%, having higher domestic revenues of $75,000 or more 25% versus 19%. It was recommended that soft adventure tourists at 30% travels less frequently with friends than hard adventure tourist at 48%. It is only 4% of hard adventure tourists travels on their own, which is slightly higher compared to soft adventure travellers at 2% (Su, 2014). However soft travellers are probable to travel with their spouse 60% grandchildren or children at 41% whereas hard adventure travellers told that they travel with children and grandchildren at 18% and with spouses at 42% as adventure tourism is scaling tendency, young and middle aged male partakers are now dominating although older and females are growing promptly. Most people who enjoy adventure events are rich and well educated and the kind of event expended are measured as soft tourism (Vajirakachorn and Nepal, 2014) Therefore, according to preceding works that attempt to define adventure tourism, active tourism and sport tourism, here are the description that has been established for determination of this studies. the active sport tourism is an individual who travels far from home where he/she require accommodation for the purpose of pursuing adventure in sport both for secondary or primary motives to contest alongside other or oneself with the nature of action being danger (Vajirakachorn and Nepal, 2014). Ski Tourists A study by ski Nepal has confirmed the outline of Nepal snowboarders and skiers. It was confirmed that 45% of snowboarders and skiers have domestic revenues of $ 100,000 or even more than this. The population here are very wealthy than 21% of all the Nepal domestics who have average income $100,000 and extra (Williams and Soutar, 2015). It is only 36% of the snowboarders and skiing people who live in metropolitan areas although it was proposed that snowboarders and skiers are rich the uppermost fraction of Nepal snowboard and skiers are aged 15 to 19. This shows that a third of this youths depend on their parents for finical support who are possible earning a domestic revenue of $100,000 and above. It must be known that snowboarders and skiers are considered as one not divided as Hudson study. According to the Hudson book titled snow business the average nepal skier was 35. Ski nepal , suggested that snowboarders and skier people aged 35to 39 were only 7.6% this age group was categor ised as seventh uppermost snowboarder and skiers (Williams and Soutar, 2015). Whereas ski nepal did not isolated snowboarders and skier in their demographic study there are two visible swells one at the age of 40-44 years at 9.2% and 45-49 years at 12% and the other one at younger age 15-19years at 16% and 20-24year at 12% (Williams and Soutar, 2015).. Conclusion I conclude that sport tourism in Nepal is being practice by both young and old people. And it is also for the rich people for instance those who live in metropolitan area snowboarders and skier are aged people although the literature reports that the people who partakes snowboarding are younger generation whereas the older ones are majorly partaking the skiing. References Allahar, H., 2014. Tourism development and economic diversification: A small island challenge. The SIJ Transactions on Industrial, Finance Business Management, 2(8), pp.326-332. Anup, K.C. and Parajuli, R.B.T., 2014. Tourism and its impact on livelihood in Manaslu conservation area, Nepal. 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